{"id":5429,"date":"2021-04-14T23:57:50","date_gmt":"2021-04-14T20:57:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lider-tek.com\/?page_id=5429"},"modified":"2021-04-18T01:25:46","modified_gmt":"2021-04-17T22:25:46","slug":"bakir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lider-tek.com\/bakir\/","title":{"rendered":"Bak\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Bak\u0131r<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bak\u0131r<\/b>\u00a0, do\u011fal elementler s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan bir mineraldir.\u00a0Do\u011fal mineral, Fe, Ag, Au, As ve di\u011fer elementleri safs\u0131zl\u0131klar \u015feklinde veya Cu ile kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltiler olu\u015fturur.\u00a0Basit madde bak\u0131r, alt\u0131n-pembe renkli plastik bir ge\u00e7i\u015f metalidir (oksit filmin yoklu\u011funda pembe).\u00a0Cevherden elde etmek i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 kullan\u0131labilirlik ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle insan taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n olarak geli\u015ftirilen ilk metallerden biridir.\u00a0\u00c7ok eski zamanlardan beri insano\u011flunun bildi\u011fi yedi metalden biridir.\u00a0Bak\u0131r, t\u00fcm y\u00fcksek bitkiler ve hayvanlar i\u00e7in temel bir elementtir.<\/p>

Bak\u0131r’\u0131n Yap\u0131sal \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>

Bak\u0131r, alt\u0131n-pembe bir s\u00fcnek metaldir; havada h\u0131zla bir oksit filmle kaplan\u0131r ve bu da ona karakteristik yo\u011fun sar\u0131ms\u0131-k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 tonunu verir.\u00a0\u0130nce bak\u0131r filmler, ge\u00e7i\u015fte ye\u015filimsi mavi renge sahiptir. Ozmiyum, sezyum ve alt\u0131n ile birlikte bak\u0131r, di\u011fer metallerin gri veya g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden farkl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 bir renk renklendirmesine sahip d\u00f6rt metalden biridir.\u00a0Bu renk tonu, dolu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve yar\u0131 bo\u015f d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc atomik orbitaller aras\u0131ndaki elektronik ge\u00e7i\u015flerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r: aralar\u0131ndaki enerji fark\u0131 turuncu \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n dalga boyuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.\u00a0Alt\u0131n\u0131n karakteristik renginden de ayn\u0131 mekanizma sorumludur. Bak\u0131r, y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131l ve elektriksel iletkenli\u011fe sahiptir (elektriksel iletkenlikte g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ften sonra metaller aras\u0131nda ikinci s\u0131radad\u0131r).\u00a020 \u00b0 C’de \u00f6zg\u00fcl iletkenlik: 55,5-58 MSm \/ m.\u00a0Bak\u0131r\u0131n nispeten y\u00fcksek bir diren\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r:% 0,4 \/ \u00b0 \u0421 ve geni\u015f bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zay\u0131f bir \u015fekilde s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Bak\u0131r bir diyamanyetiktir. Bir dizi bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 vard\u0131r: pirin\u00e7 – \u00e7inko, bronz – kalay ve di\u011fer elementlerle, bakronikel – nikel ve di\u011ferleri.<\/p>

Uygulama Alanlar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck direnci nedeniyle bak\u0131r, elektrik m\u00fchendisli\u011finde g\u00fc\u00e7 kablolar\u0131, teller veya bask\u0131l\u0131 kablolar gibi di\u011fer iletkenler yapmak i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Bak\u0131r teller, enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flayan elektrikli s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin ve g\u00fc\u00e7 transformat\u00f6rlerinin sarg\u0131lar\u0131nda da kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
Bak\u0131r\u0131n bir ba\u015fka yararl\u0131 kalitesi, y\u00fcksek termal iletkenli\u011fidir.\u00a0Bu, so\u011futma, iklimlendirme ve \u0131s\u0131tma i\u00e7in iyi bilinen radyat\u00f6rleri i\u00e7eren \u00e7e\u015fitli \u0131s\u0131 giderme cihazlar\u0131nda, \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rlerinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verir.
Bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, en yayg\u0131nlar\u0131 yukar\u0131da belirtilen bronz ve pirin\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli teknoloji alanlar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Her iki ala\u015f\u0131m da, kalay ve \u00e7inkoya ek olarak nikel, bizmut ve di\u011fer metalleri i\u00e7erebilen b\u00fct\u00fcn bir malzeme ailesinin ortak isimleridir.
M\u00fccevheratta bak\u0131r-alt\u0131n ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin deformasyona ve a\u015f\u0131nmaya kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc saf alt\u0131n \u00e7ok yumu\u015fak bir metaldir ve bu mekanik etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7li de\u011fildir.
Bak\u0131r\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen yeni kitlesel kullan\u0131m\u0131, hastanelerde nozokomiyal bakteri transferini azaltmak i\u00e7in bakterisidal y\u00fczeyler olarak kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vaat ediyor: kap\u0131lar, kulplar, su vanalar\u0131, korkuluklar, yatak korkuluklar\u0131, tezgahlar – bir ki\u015finin elinin dokundu\u011fu t\u00fcm y\u00fczeyler.<\/p>